CIEMAT Publications

Abstract

Social science research has increasingly focused on climate change and energy security as key factors shaping attitudes towards nuclear technologies. This report examines public attitudes towards nuclear energy in Spain and perceptions of its governance from the perspective of different stakeholders, drawing on surveys, focus groups and interviews. Citizens prioritise renewable energy sources as the foundation of the future energy mix, while acknowledging the contribution of nuclear energy to supply stability and security. Social acceptance is characterised by ambivalence and is shaped by perceived risk, institutional trust, available information and territorial or socio-economic benefits. Stakeholders view participatory governance as insufficient, and call for greater transparency, early engagement of experts and affected communities, and stronger institutional frameworks to support inclusive governance.